Top 25 Python Django Interview Questions and Answers
If you’re preparing for a Django interview, you’re in the right place! Django is one of the most popular Python frameworks for building secure, scalable, and efficient web applications. In this post, we have compiled the top Django interview questions and answers with detailed explanations and examples to help you crack interviews with confidence. Whether you’re a fresher or an experienced developer, these Django interview questions will help you understand the framework’s core concepts, advanced features, and best practices that are commonly asked by top recruiters.
1. What is Django?
Django is a high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design. It comes with built-in features like authentication, ORM, admin interface, and security.
Example:
Command to create a new Django project.
pip install django
django-admin startproject myproject
2. What are the key features of Django?
- MVC (MTV) architecture
- ORM (Object Relational Mapper)
- Automatic admin interface
- Built-in authentication
- URL routing
- Middleware support
- Scalability and security
Example:
The admin panel:
python manage.py createsuperuser
Then visit /admin to manage models.
3. Explain the Django architecture (MTV).
- Model: Defines the data structure (tables in DB).
- Template: Presentation layer (HTML with Django tags).
- View: Contains business logic and interacts between model and template.
Example:
# views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
def homepage(request):
return render(request, ‘home.html’, {‘title’: ‘Home Page’})
4. What is ORM in Django?
ORM allows interaction with the database using Python objects instead of raw SQL queries.
Example:
# models.py
from django.db import models
class Product(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
price = models.FloatField()
# Query example
products = Product.objects.all()
5. How do you create a new Django app?
A Django project can contain multiple apps.
Example:
python manage.py startapp blog
Add the app to INSTALLED_APPS in settings.py:
INSTALLED_APPS = [
‘blog’,
]
6. What are Django middleware and how do you use them?
Middleware is a layer that processes requests and responses globally.
Example:
A simple custom middleware:
class SimpleMiddleware:
def __init__(self, get_response):
self.get_response = get_response
def __call__(self, request):
print(“Before view”)
response = self.get_response(request)
print(“After view”)
return response
7. How does Django handle URL routing?
URLs are mapped to views using the urls.py file.
Example:
# urls.py
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path(”, views.homepage, name=’home’),
path(‘about/’, views.about, name=’about’),
]
8. How to perform form validation in Django?
Django provides forms for validation and rendering forms.
Example:
from django import forms
class ContactForm(forms.Form):
name = forms.CharField(max_length=50)
email = forms.EmailField()
In the view:
if request.method == ‘POST’:
form = ContactForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
# process form data
9. How do you use Django’s admin interface?
You register models in admin.py to make them manageable through the admin panel.
Example:
from django.contrib import admin
from .models import Product
admin.site.register(Product)
Access it via /admin/.
10. How to use Django signals?
Signals allow decoupled apps to receive notifications when certain actions occur.
Example:
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.dispatch import receiver
from .models import UserProfile
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
if created:
UserProfile.objects.create(user=instance)
11. How to set up a database in Django?
By default, Django uses SQLite, but you can configure other databases in settings.py under DATABASES.
Example (PostgreSQL):
DATABASES = {
‘default’: {
‘ENGINE’: ‘django.db.backends.postgresql’,
‘NAME’: ‘dbname’,
‘USER’: ‘dbuser’,
‘PASSWORD’: ‘password’,
‘HOST’: ‘localhost’,
‘PORT’: ‘5432’,
}
}
12. What are Django model relationships?
- OneToOneField
- ForeignKey (Many-to-One)
- ManyToManyField
Example:
class Author(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
class Book(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
author = models.ForeignKey(Author, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
13. What is the use of manage.py?
It is a command-line tool that helps in executing various Django commands like migrations, creating apps, running the server, etc.
Example:
python manage.py runserver
python manage.py makemigrations
14. What are Django migrations?
Migrations are used to apply changes to the database schema.
Example:
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
15. How to create custom template tags in Django?
Custom template tags allow adding custom functionalities to templates.
Example:
- Create a templatetags folder inside your app and add custom_tags.py:
from django import template
register = template.Library()
@register.simple_tag
def multiply(value, arg):
return value * arg
- In template:
{% load custom_tags %}
{% multiply 5 2 %}
16. What is the context in Django templates?
Context is a dictionary of data passed from views to templates for rendering.
Example:
return render(request, ‘home.html’, {‘username’: ‘John’})
In home.html:
Hello, {{ username }}!
17. What is the difference between get() and filter() in Django ORM?
- get(): returns a single object and throws DoesNotExist error if not found.
- filter(): returns a queryset and doesn’t throw errors if no results.
Example:
user = User.objects.get(id=1)
users = User.objects.filter(is_active=True)
18. How to implement pagination in Django?
Django has a built-in Paginator class.
Example:
from django.core.paginator import Paginator
paginator = Paginator(queryset, 10)
page_obj = paginator.get_page(page_number)
In template:
{% for product in page_obj %}
{{ product.name }}
{% endfor %}
19. How to use static files in Django?
Use the {% static %} tag to load static files.
Example:
{% load static %}
<img src=”{% static ‘images/logo.png’ %}” alt=”Logo”>
20. What are Django signals and when to use them?
Signals help in executing actions on specific events, like creating profiles after user creation.
Example:
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
if created:
UserProfile.objects.create(user=instance)
21. What are Django QuerySets?
QuerySets represent a collection of database queries.
Example:
users = User.objects.all()
active_users = User.objects.filter(is_active=True)
22. How to use caching in Django?
Django provides various caching backends like Memcached and Redis.
Example (in-memory caching):
from django.core.cache import cache
cache.set(‘key’, ‘value’, timeout=60)
value = cache.get(‘key’)
23. How to handle file uploads in Django?
Use FileField or ImageField in models and handle media in settings.
Example:
class Document(models.Model):
file = models.FileField(upload_to=’uploads/’)
In settings.py:
MEDIA_URL = ‘/media/’
MEDIA_ROOT = BASE_DIR / ‘media’
24. What is the Django REST framework (DRF)?
DRF is a powerful and flexible toolkit for building Web APIs on top of Django.
Example:
pip install djangorestframework
Add to INSTALLED_APPS and start writing API views.
25. What is the use of @login_required decorator?
It restricts access to views for authenticated users only.
Example:
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
@login_required
def dashboard(request):
return render(request, ‘dashboard.html’)
We hope this list of the top Django interview questions and answers with examples has helped you strengthen your understanding of Django and its key features. By practicing these questions, you’ll be well-prepared to handle technical interviews with confidence. If you’re looking for more resources or advanced Django interview questions, bookmark this page and stay tuned for more updates. Good luck with your Django career and interviews!